Activate Communications

1. Prepare

• Read through the pupil material in the EV3 Classroom App.
• Collect information about satellite dishes and how they’re used in deep space communication.
• If you feel that it’s necessary, plan a few lessons to go through the Robot Trainer unit in the app. This will help to familiarise your pupils with LEGO^® MINDSTORMS^® Education EV3.
• To complete this lesson, your pupils will have to have built the eight Space Challenge models, and set up the Challenge Mat.
• If you don’t have double-block class time, plan to run this lesson over multiple class sessions.

Part A

2. Engage (10 Min.)

• Use the ideas in the Ignite a Discussion section below to engage your pupils in a discussion related to this mission.
• Explain the objective, rules and achievement badges for this mission.
• Divide your class into teams.

3. Explore (25 Min.)

• Have your pupils brainstorm ideas for solving this mission.
• Encourage them to create multiple prototypes, exploring both building and programming.
• Allow the teams time to work independently on building and testing their solutions.

4. Explain (10 Min.)

• Facilitate a discussion about the key functionalities that the robot must have in order to navigate to the Communications Station and push the satellite dish into an upright position.

Part B

5. Elaborate (45 Min.)

• Have each team practise lining up their robot and sending it on the mission to activate the Communications Station.
• Allow them to continue working on their robots until they’re ready for a judged attempt.
• Don’t forget to leave some time for tidying up.

6. Evaluate

• Award achievement badges based on how well each team solved the mission.
• Evaluate the creativity of each team’s solution and how well their team worked together.
• To simplify the process, you can use the assessment rubrics that have been provided.

A satellite dish is a type of antenna that uses radio waves to receive or transmit data. On a human mission to Mars, satellite dishes would be used to transmit messages between Earth and Mars. Radio waves travel at the speed of light. Because the distance between Earth and Mars is variable, there’s an approximate delay of between four and twenty-four minutes in communication between the planets.

Use these questions to engage your pupils in a discussion about how satellite dishes can be used in deep space communication:

• What’s a satellite dish?
• How are satellite dishes used in deep space communication?

Mission Goal
The robot navigates to the satellite dish and then pushes on it until it’s fully upright.

Here’s an example mission solution that completes this mission:

Mission Rules
There are five rules that apply to all of the Space Challenge missions. Make sure that your pupils know all of them before they start:

• Your robot must always start the mission from the base area.
• Your robot must leave the base area before carrying out the mission.
• A ‘successful robot return’ occurs when any part of the robot crosses over any part of the base area line.
• You’re not allowed to touch your robot while it’s outside of the base area.
• If you touch your robot while it’s entirely outside of the base area and it’s holding an object, the object must be returned to its original position, and you must begin the mission again.

Mission Achievement Badges
There are four levels of achievement badges. Explain that each team will be awarded an achievement badge based on how well they accomplish the mission. Refer to the Assessment Opportunities section below for a description of the achievement badges for this mission.

Open-Ended Solutions
This project is designed so that every team can have a unique solution. Use these questions to help the teams brainstorm ideas for solving this mission:

• What are some ways in which the robot could navigate to the Communications Station?
• Can you think of some ways that the robot could push the satellite dish carefully and accurately into an upright position?

Example Mission Solution
The example mission solution is comprised of the following solution extensions:

• Space Driving Base
• Ultrasonic Sensor
• Colour Sensor Down

Execute the Mission
Reset the Communications Station, place the example solution model in starting position ‘1’ on the Challenge Mat and execute the mission.

Mission Troubleshooting
To avoid pushing on the satellite dish too much, use the Ultrasonic Sensor to detect the red wall of beams. Use the Colour Sensor in Reflected Light Intensity Mode to detect the robot’s position on the Challenge Mat. If the Colour Sensor doesn’t detect colour changes on the Challenge Mat, try calibrating the sensor.

Solution Program

Simplify this lesson by:

• Helping your pupils to figure out how to push the satellite dish up from a specified distance (i.e. instead of starting from the base area)
• Having your pupils complete the Objects and Obstacles lesson in the Robot Trainer unit before attempting this mission
• Encouraging peer-to-peer learning and coaching

Take this lesson to the next level by:

• Randomly switching the position of the communication antenna and having the pupils create a program that responds to this variable
• Limiting the time that the pupils have for solving the mission
• Challenging the pupils to use both a Colour Sensor and an Ultrasonic Sensor to solve this mission
• Adding design constraints by limiting the number of LEGO^® elements that are available or assigning a ‘price’ to each type of LEGO element and a maximum ‘cost’ per robot

Teacher Observation Checklist
Establish a scale that suits your needs, for example:

1. Partially accomplished
2. Fully accomplished
3. Overachieved

Use the following success criteria to evaluate your pupils’ progress:

• The pupils have designed a robot that meets the requirements of the mission.
• The pupils came up with creative solutions and considered multiple solutions.
• The pupils worked together to complete the mission as a team.

Achievement Badges
Award an achievement badge based on how well the team solved the challenge mission.

• Bronze: The robot went out and pushed on the satellite dish, but the satellite dish didn’t stay upright because the robot pushed too much or not enough.
• Silver: The satellite dish stayed upright but at a lower position than it was supposed to because the robot didn’t push hard enough.
• Gold: The satellite dish stayed upright.
• Platinum: The satellite dish stayed upright, and the team also went beyond the mission requirements by adding features to their design.

Self-Assessment
Have each pupil choose the achievement badge that they feel best represents their performance.

• Bronze: We did our best under difficult circumstances.
• Silver: We had a few accidents along the way, but we still battled on to the end of the mission.
• Gold: We’ve accomplished the mission with excellent results.
• Platinum: We’ve not only completed the mission but also added original and effective features to our design.

To incorporate the development of language arts skills, have your pupils:

• Create a presentation or a video that highlights their robot’s features and performance
• Create a presentation explaining the most important features of their program

Note: This will require additional time.

The pupils who enjoyed this lesson might be interested in exploring these career pathways:

• Information Technology (Computer Programming)
• Manufacturing and Engineering (Pre-Engineering)
• Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (Science and Maths)